Resumo

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the world's population to undergo a significant transformation, accelerating social, economic, market, and technological changes. In this context, sharing economy has promoted alternative business models, which transcend traditional capitalism in a digital movement disseminated by individuals, communities, and platforms, while eliminating barriers and bringing organizations, consumers, and providers closer together. Thus, our study aims to identify how digital platforms can develop sharing economy based on the cooperative movement.

Therefore, our research question is: How can digital platforms develop the sharing economy based on the cooperative movement? In this sense, our study contributes to the literature in different forms. Thus, this research aims to contribute to the leverage of service sectors with the potential to accelerate the economic and social development of the country in line with strategic and production priorities.

Cooperativism is noted over time as a powerful tool to generate development, and crisis coping, and for its high capacity for adaptation and evolution. The Sharing Economy (SE) is considered an opportunity to transform the way traditional businesses are conducted through digital platforms (Ertz & Boily, 2019; Hossain, 2021). From the perspective of platform cooperatives, the actors become essential when building an enterprise, whose main objective is to promote the economic development of its members in a participatory way (Scholtz, 2016).

The research strategy chosen for the development of this study is characterized as research of exploratory qualitative nature. The methodological procedures used in this exploratory research involved the application of virtual data surveys to improve knowledge on the topic of platform cooperatives and to map existing and developing initiatives online. In this sense, the data collection method known as netnography was used, which allowed data collection through digital tools, on the internet and online (Kozinets, 2014).

This study mapped platform cooperative initiatives into three categories: (a) in operation; (b) under development; (c) under construction, following the content available on the digital portals Conecta.me, DigiLabour, and MundoCoop (2021). These mappings of data researched, extracted, and consulted in observations through the Internet show that the domestic market is a fertile ground for initiatives such as platform cooperatives. With the emergence of job and income generation during the Covid-19 pandemic period, such alternative arrangements emerged through social, union, and collective.

This study proved to be a counterpoint to digital platform-based business models such as Uber, Airbnb, We Work, iFood, presenting platform cooperativism as an alternative to generate business opportunities, employment, and post-Covid-19 income. The mapping described that many of the initiatives are based on social, economic, political, gender and diversity cause to face the problems of high unemployment rates and work precarization imposed by traditional sharing platforms. Thus, these collectives, associations, and cooperative movements represent a union of application delivery.

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