Resumo

Deglobalization is a term used to refer to the current process of crumbling the ideals of economic and social globalization. It happens due to factors such as nationalism, protectionism, tariff and sanitary barriers resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, damaging the global supply chain, countries have entered recession due to the decrease in the flow of goods. More recently, with the economic sanctions imposed on Russia for its invasion of Ukraine, the world economy entered a climate of uncertainty, which led to the issue being discussed again.

This article aims to study the state of the art of the topic of deglobalization when referring to global supply chains, to answer the question: How is the deglobalization of the logistics chain being studied?

Deglobalization is defined as “the process of weakening the interdependence between nations” (WITT, 2019, p. 1054). Which was initiated by the adoption of isolationist measures, such as trade protectionism that promote resistance to interaction with other economies (BAUMANN, 2022), by economic nationalism which is an ideology that is born with the formation of nation-states or developmentalism as a form of organization economy and politics of alternative capitalism to liberalism (BRESSER-PEREIRA, 2018) and from the COVID-19 pandemic to the worldwide spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (PAHO, 2020).

Analyzing all the returned articles, it was noted that the articles that first dealt with the subject were written in 2008, right after the great recession of that year. The period 2020-2022 saw the peak of publications due to the impacts of the pandemic, the war between Russia and Ukraine and the rise in inflation in all countries. It can be seen that the theme has regained relevance, being revisited by researchers who seek to understand the new reality of global logistics and its future trends. There is a convergence on the three main factors of deglobalization: protectionism, neo-mercantili

The authors are in agreement that globalization has been unstable since the 2008 crisis and in the political field since the Trump administration, with a neo-mercantilist approach reinforced by the rivalry with China, it has worsened with the pandemic. They state that a complete reversal of globalization is unlikely due to the extensions to production, trade, investment and taxation around global value chains, and what is more likely to happen is an increasing pooling of efforts by multinational cooperations to increase profits. with a variety of national security and geoeconomic agendas

BAUMANN, R. Globalização, desglobalização e o Brasil. Brazilian Journal of political Economy, vol.42, n. 3, jul-set 2022. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572022-3357. BRESSER-PEREIRA, L. C Nacionalismo econômico e desenvolvimentismo. Economia e Sociedade, vol. 27, no. 3, p. 853–874, Dec. 2018. PAHO - Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Histórico da pandemia de COVID-19. Disponível: https://www.paho.org/pt/covid19/historico-da-pandemia-covid-19. Acesso em 10 julho 2022.