Resumo

Social innovation related to a context of analysis emerges with the idea of exploring the conjuncture of necessity and seeking to improve the quality of life and care of the basic priorities of individuals. This type of innovation can be seen as new alternatives that meet collective needs, generating new relationships capable of influencing society to act on the challenges facing (Bureau of European Policy Advisers, 2011). As a structure that can substantiate and contribute to the advancement of the understanding of this innovation, the use of analysis dimensions.

The following research problem is proposed: what elements characterize bike-share as a process of social innovation in the context of urban mobility? Having as objective: to analyze the elements that characterize these bicycles as a process of social innovation in this context. To this end, the definition of the specific objectives was aligned with the definition of dimensions for the recognition of social innovation. These dimensions, adapted from the studies of Cloutier (2003), Tardif and Harrisson (2005) and André and Abreu (2006), which will be addressed in the theoretical foundation.

In the case of analytical studies that address dimensions of social innovation, it can be verified researches such as Cloutier (2003), Tardif and Harrisson (2005) and André and Abreu (2006), of which the first two works are from researchers who are members of the Centre de Recherche sur les Innovations Sociales (CRISES) and the third work of researchers from the Center for Geographic Studies of the University of Lisbon (CEG). Such works complement each other.

To meet the problem of this study, qualitative research becomes relevant for the analysis of the proposed social context. Thus, as to the approach of the problem, this research is configured as a qualitative. As for the research objectives, these are configured as exploratory and descriptive. The research strategy adopted is the case study. Regarding the specific methods for data collection, four techniques were used: participant observation, direct observation, semi-structured interview and documentary research.

The data analysis method used was content analysis. Among the categories and subcategories of analysis, we considered the five dimensions and their variables exposed in the analysis framework of this research. Such categories: (a) Form, with six subcategories; (b) Processes, with seven subcategories; (c) Nature-Stimuli, with eleven subcategories; (d) Actors Involved, with ten subcategories; and (e) Objectives of Change, with five subcategories. Following the analysis phases proposed by Bardin (2011). Content analysis using NVivo 10 software.

The elements of social innovation are present in the analysis environment and shared bikes act as providers of social change in a city. The operation of the bike share system in the locality implies that the procedural, political, institutional and organizational relations are modified so that the promotion of the Bicicletar and Bicicleta Integrada systems take place, and that citizens have access to the free means of transportation. Each actor involved (municipal public authority, operating company, private company, user) plays an important role in promoting these projects in Fortaleza.

André, I., & Abreu A. (2006). Dimensões e espaços da inovação social. Finisterra, 51(81), 121-141. Cloutier, J. (2003). Qu’est-cequel’innovationsociale? In CRISES. Centre de Recherche Sur Les Innovations Sociales (Org.). Cahiers du CRISES. Québec. Tardif, C., & Harrisson, D. (2005). Complémentarité, convergence et transversalité: la conceptualisation de l‟innovation sociale au CRISES. In CRISES. Centre de Recherche Sur Les Innovations Sociales (Org.). Cahiers du CRISES. Québec.